Contents

Title and Copyright Information

List of Figures

List of Tables

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Preface

What's New in Real Application Clusters Administration?

Part I Introduction to Administering Real Application Clusters

1 Introduction to Real Application Clusters Administration

Administering Real Application Clusters Databases

Parameter Management in Real Application Clusters

Administering Storage in Real Application Clusters

General Administration Issues

Oracle Enterprise Manager in Real Application Clusters

Backup and Recovery in Real Application Clusters

Real Application Clusters Scalability

Troubleshooting

2 Parameter Management in Real Application Clusters Environments

Administering the Server Parameter File in Real Application Clusters Databases

Backing Up the Server Parameter File

Setting the Server Parameter File Parameter Values for Real Application Clusters

Exporting the Server Parameter File For Backward Compatibility

Setting Parameters within the Server Parameter File

Using Client-Side Parameter Files

Purpose of initsid.ora

Purpose of initdb_name.ora

Placement and Use of IFILE Parameters in Instance-Specific Files

Using Multiple IFILE Entries in Client-Side Parameter Files

Parameter Settings in Real Application Clusters

Unique Identification of Instances with Parameters in the Sever Parameter File

Instance-Specific Parameter Settings Using sid in the Server Parameter File

Types of Parameters in Real Application Clusters

Multi-Valued Parameters

Parameters That Must Be Identical Across All Instances

Parameters That Must Be Unique Across All Instances

Considerations for Parameters in Clusters

The Startup Process and Parameters in Real Application Clusters

Special Startup Considerations for Traditional Parameter File Use

Starting Two Instances on Remote Nodes

Setting Instance Numbers

3 Administering Storage Components in Real Application Clusters

Adding Datafiles in Real Application Clusters

Automatic Undo Management In Real Application Clusters

Using Automatic Undo Management

Switching Undo Tablespaces

System Rollback Segment

Public and Private Rollback Segments

Overriding Automatic Undo Management by Using Manual Undo Management

Using Redo Log Files in Real Application Clusters

Managing Trace Files and Alert Files in Real Application Clusters

The Sequence Number Generator in Real Application Clusters

The CREATE SEQUENCE Statement

The CACHE Option

The ORDER Option

4 Administering Real Application Clusters Databases with the Server Control Utility, SQL, and SQL*Plus

Administering Real Application Clusters Environments with SRVCTL

Overview of Using SRVCTL to Administer Real Application Clusters

Global Services Daemon (GSD)

UNIX GSD Implementations

Windows GSD Implementations

SRVCTL Administrative Tasks

SRVCTL Cluster Database Tasks

SRVCTL Cluster Database Configuration Tasks

SRVCTL Command Syntax

SRVCTL Syntax Components

Concurrent SRVCTL Commands

Stopping SRVCTL Operations

SRVCTL Error Messages

Common SRVCTL Syntax Components

Command Syntax

SRVCTL Commands

Importing and Exporting Raw Device Configurations with SRVCONFIG

Upgrading Oracle8i Configurations to Oracle9i

Administering the GSD

Administering Real Application Clusters Databases Using SQL and SQL*Plus

Starting Databases in Cluster Mode on UNIX

Starting Databases in Cluster Mode on Windows NT and Windows 2000

Using RETRY to Mount a Database in Cluster Mode

Setting and Connecting to Instances

The SET INSTANCE and SHOW INSTANCE Commands

The CONNECT Command

Verifying That Instances are Running

Shutting Down Real Application Clusters Instances

Quiescing A Real Application Clusters Database

How SQL and SQL*Plus Commands Affect Instances

Part II Using Oracle Enterprise Manager to Administer Real Application Clusters

5 Administering Real Application Clusters Databases with Oracle Enterprise Manager

Overview of Oracle Enterprise Manager Administration

Starting the Console

Displaying Objects in the Navigator Pane

Database-Specific Objects

Instance-Specific Objects

Using the Cluster Database Right-Mouse Menu

Starting a Cluster Database

Shutting Down a Cluster Database

Viewing the Cluster Database Operation Results

Status Details Tab

Output Tab

Viewing Cluster Database Status

General Tab

Status Details Tab

Creating a Job for a Cluster Database or Instance

Specifying Job Details

General Tab

Tasks Tab

Parameters Tab

Parameters for the Cluster Database Shutdown Task

Registering Cluster Database Events

Part III Backup and Recovery in Real Application Clusters

6 Using Recovery Manager in Real Application Clusters Environments

Configuring RMAN in Real Application Clusters: Overview

Configuring the RMAN Snapshot Control File Location

Configuring the RMAN Control File Autobackup Feature

Managing Archived Logs in Real Application Clusters Environments

Archiving in a Real Application Cluster Environment

RMAN Archiving Configuration Schemes

Cluster File System Archiving Scheme

Non-CFS Local Archiving Scheme

Archived Log File Format and Destinations in Real Application Clusters

Changing the Archiving Mode in Real Application Clusters

Querying the Archiver Processes

7 Performing Backup and Recovery in Real Application Clusters Environments

Overview of Making Backups in Real Application Clusters

Connection to the Target Database in a Real Application Clusters Configuration

RMAN and Oracle Net in Real Application Clusters

Channel Connections to Cluster Instances

Node Affinity Awareness

Accessibility of Files and Backup Media

RMAN Backup Schemes for Real Application Clusters

Cluster File System Backup Scheme

Non-CFS Backup Scheme

Instance Recovery in Real Application Clusters

Single Node Failure

Multiple-Node Failures in Real Application Clusters

Control File and Datafile Access for Instance Recovery in Real Application Clusters

Steps of Oracle Instance Recovery in Real Application Clusters

Overview of Media Recovery in Real Application Clusters

RMAN Restore Schemes for Real Application Clusters

Cluster File System Restore Scheme

Non-CFS Restore Scheme

Parallel Recovery in Real Application Clusters

Parallel Recovery with RMAN

Parallel Recovery with SQL*Plus

Part IV Scalability in Real Application Clusters Environments

8 Adding Nodes and Instances and Deleting Instances in Real Application Clusters

Adding Nodes to a Cluster

Overview of Procedures for Adding Nodes

Adding a Node at the Clusterware Layer

Adding a Node at the Clusterware Layer on UNIX

Adding a Node at the Clusterware Layer on Windows NT and Windows 2000

Adding a Node at the Oracle Layer

Deleting Instances

Part V Reference

A Troubleshooting

Using Trace Files

Background Thread Trace Files

User Thread Trace Files

Alert File

Error Call Trace Stack

Contacting Oracle Support Services

Severe Errors

B Associating Instances and Users with Free Lists and Free List Groups (Optional)

Associating Instances with Free Lists

Assignment of New Instances to Existing Free List Groups

FREELIST GROUPS and MAXINSTANCES

Associating User Processes with Free Lists and Free List Groups

SQL Options for Managing Free Space with Free Lists

Preallocating Extents to Free List Groups

C Real Application Clusters Management Tools Error Messages

Global Services Daemon Error Messages (PRKA)

Cluster Command Error Messages (PRKC)

Cluster Setup for Windows NT Error Messages (PRKI)

Server Control (SRVCTL) Utility Error Messages (PRKO)

Cluster Database Management Error Messages (PRKP)

Repository Error Messages (PRKR)

Glossary

Index