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Oracle® Real Application Clusters Administrator's Guide
10g Release 1 (10.1)

Part Number B10765-02
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Contents

List of Examples

List of Figures

List of Tables

Title and Copyright Information

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Preface

Audience
Documentation Accessibility
Structure
Related Documents
Conventions

What's New in RAC Administration?

Oracle Database 10g New Features for Real Application Clusters Administration

1 Introduction to RAC Administration

Real Application Clusters Documentation Overview
Oracle Real Application Clusters Deployment and Performance Guide
Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation and Configuration Guide and Oracle Real Application Clusters Quick Installation Guide
Introduction to Administering Real Application Clusters
Administering Real Application Clusters
Database Instance Management and Database Administration in RAC
Storage Management in Real Application Clusters
Administering Services in Real Application Clusters
Additional Real Application Clusters Administrative Topics
Overview of Using Enterprise Manager with Real Application Clusters

2 Administering Database Instances in Cluster Databases

Database Component Overview
Overview of Real Application Clusters Management Tools
Overview of Administering Real Application Clusters with Enterprise Manager
Overview of Administering Real Application Clusters with SQL*Plus
Overview of Administering Real Application Clusters with SRVCTL
Starting and Stopping Instances and Real Application Clusters Databases
Starting up and Shutting down with Enterprise Manager
Starting up and Shutting down with SQL*Plus
Intermittent Windows Shutdown Issue in RAC Environments
Lengthy Startup of OracleDBConsole and OracleCRService on Windows
Starting up and Shutting down with SRVCTL
Overview of Initialization Parameter Files in Real Application Clusters
Setting Server Parameter File Parameter Values for Real Application Clusters
Specifying Comments in Server Parameter Files
Exporting the Server Parameter File for Backward Compatibility
Initialization Parameter Use in Real Application Clusters
Parameters that Must Have Identical Settings on All Instances
Parameters That Must Have Unique Settings on All Instances
Summary of Parameter Use in Real Application Clusters Databases
Backing Up the Server Parameter File

3 Administering Storage

Overview of Storage in Oracle Real Application Clusters
Automatic Storage Management
Automatic Storage Management Components in RAC
Modifying Disk Group Configurations for ASM in RAC
Administering ASM Instances and ASM Disk Groups with Enterprise Manager in RAC
Administering ASM Instances with SRVCTL in RAC
Datafile Access in Real Application Clusters
Redo Log File Storage in Real Application Clusters
Automatic Undo Management in Real Application Clusters
Switching Undo Tablespaces for Instances in Real Application Clusters
Administering the Oracle Cluster Registry in Real Application Clusters
Administering Oracle Cluster Registry Backup Files in Real Application Clusters
Restoring the Oracle Cluster Registry from Automatically Generated OCR Backups
Restoring the Oracle Cluster Registry on UNIX-Based Systems
Restoring the Oracle Cluster Registry on Windows-Based Systems
Moving the Oracle Cluster Registry on UNIX-Based Systems
Moving the Oracle Cluster Registry on Windows-Based Systems
Administering the Oracle Cluster Registry with OCR Exports
Importing Oracle Cluster Registry Content on UNIX-Based Systems
Importing Oracle Cluster Registry Content on Windows-Based Systems
The ocrconfig Tool Command Syntax and Options
Implementing the Oracle Hardware Assisted Resilient Data Initiative for the OCR
Upgrading and Downgrading the OCR Configuration in Real Application Clusters
HARD-Compatible OCR Blocks in Oracle9i
Importing and Exporting Cluster Database Configuration Information with SRVCONFIG

4 Administering Services

Services and High Availability in Real Application Clusters
Using Services in Real Application Clusters Environments
Adding and Modifying Services
Using the DBCA to Add and Modify Services
Changing VIP Addresses
Automatic Restarts after Failures
Administering Services with Enterprise Manager and SRVCTL
Administering Services in Real Application Clusters with Enterprise Manager
Administering Services in Real Application Clusters with SRVCTL
Starting and Stopping Services with SRVCTL
Enabling and Disabling Services with SRVCTL
Relocating Services with SRVCTL
Obtaining the Statuses of Services with SRVCTL

5 Adding and Deleting Nodes and Instances

Overview of Node Addition Procedures
Step 1: Connecting New Nodes to the Cluster
Making Physical Connections
Installing Operating System
Creating Oracle Users
Checking the Installation
Step 2: Extending Clusterware and Oracle Software to New Nodes
Adding Nodes at the Vendor Clusterware Layer (UNIX only)
Adding Nodes at the Oracle Clusterware Layer (UNIX and Windows)
Step 3: Preparing Storage for RAC on New Nodes
Raw Device Storage Preparation for New Nodes
Configure Raw Storage on UNIX-Based Systems
Configure Raw Partitions on Windows-Based Systems
Step 4: Adding Nodes at the Oracle RAC Database Layer
Step 5: Adding Database Instances to New Nodes
Updating Path Environment Variables on New Nodes on Windows-Based Systems
Connecting to iSQL*Plus after Adding a Node on Windows-Based Platforms
Adding Nodes that Already Have Clusterware and Oracle Software to a Cluster
Adding a Node on a Shared Oracle Home
Deleting Instances from Real Application Clusters Databases
Deleting Nodes from Oracle Clusters on UNIX-Based Systems
ASM Instance Clean-Up Procedures for Node Deletion
Deleting Nodes from Oracle Clusters on Windows-Based Platforms
ASM Instance Cleanup Procedures after Node Deletion on Windows-Based Platforms

6 Configuring Recovery Manager and Archiving

Overview of Configuring RMAN for Real Application Clusters
Configuring the RMAN Snapshot Control File Location
Configuring the RMAN Control File Autobackup Feature
Managing Archived Redo Logs Using RMAN in Real Application Clusters
Archived Redo Log File and Destination Conventions in RAC
RMAN Archiving Configuration Scenarios
Cluster File System Archiving Scheme
Initialization Parameter Settings for the Cluster File System Archiving Scheme
Location of Archived Logs for the Cluster File System Archiving Scheme
Non-Cluster File System Local Archiving Scheme
Advantages and Disadvantages for Non-Cluster File System Local Archiving
Initialization Parameter Settings for Non-Cluster File System Local Archiving
Location of Archived Logs for Non-Cluster File System Local Archiving
File System Configuration for Non-Cluster File System Local Archiving
Changing the Archiving Mode in Real Application Clusters
Monitoring the Archiver Processes

7 Managing Backup and Recovery

Instance Recovery in Real Application Clusters
Single Node Failure in Real Application Clusters
Multiple-Node Failures in Real Application Clusters
Using RMAN to Create Backups in Real Application Clusters
Using RMAN to Restore the Server Parameter File (SPFILE)
RMAN and Oracle Net in Real Application Clusters
Channel Connections to Cluster Instances
Node Affinity Awareness of Fast Connections
Readability of Files To Be Backed Up
Deleting Archived Redo Logs After a Successful Backup
Distribution of Backups
Autolocation for Backup and Restore Commands
RMAN Backup Scenarios for Real Application Clusters
Cluster File System Backup Scheme
Backing Up to One Local Drive in the Cluster File System Archiving Scheme
Backing Up to Multiple Drives in the Cluster File System Archiving Scheme
Non-Cluster File System Backup Scheme
Backing Up to Multiple Drives in a Non-Cluster File System Backup Scheme
Media Recovery in Real Application Clusters
RMAN Restore Scenarios for Real Application Clusters
Cluster File System Restore Scheme
Restore and Recovery of Nondistributed Backups
Restore and Recovery of Distributed Backups in a Cluster File System Scheme
Non-Cluster File System Restore Scheme
Restore and Recovery of Distributed Backups in a Non-Cluster File System Archiving Scheme
RMAN Recovery Through Resetlogs in Real Application Clusters
Parallel Recovery in Real Application Clusters
Parallel Recovery with RMAN
Parallel Recovery with SQL*Plus
Using a Flash Recovery Area in Real Application Clusters

8 Administrative Options

Optional Enterprise Manager Tasks in Real Application Clusters
Using Enterprise Manager to Discover Nodes and Instances
Enterprise Manager Pages for Real Application Clusters
Databases Summary Page
Cluster Database Home Page
Cluster Database Instances Pages
The Databases Overview Page for Real Application Clusters
The Cluster Home Page for Real Application Clusters
Instance Pages for Real Application Clusters
Real Application Clusters Administration Procedures for Enterprise Manager
Administering Enterprise Manager Jobs in Real Application Clusters
Creating Enterprise Manager Jobs in Real Application Clusters
Administering Alerts in Real Application Clusters with Enterprise Manager
Performing Scheduled Maintenance Using Defined Blackouts in Enterprise Manager
Additional Information About SQL*Plus in Real Application Clusters
How SQL*Plus Commands Affect Instances
Verifying that Instances are Running
Quiescing Real Application Clusters Databases
Quiesced State and Cold Backups
Administering System and Network Interfaces with the OIFCFG (Oracle Interface Configuration) Tool
Defining Network Interfaces with OIFCFG
Syntax and Commands for the OIFCFG Command-Line Tool

A Troubleshooting

Monitoring Trace Files in Real Application Clusters
Where to Find Files for Analyzing Errors
Using Log Files in Real Application Clusters
Clusterware Log Files
Enabling Additional Tracing for Real Application Clusters High Availability
Using Instance-Specific Alert Files in Real Application Clusters
Resolving Pending Shutdown Issues

B Server Control (SRVCTL) Reference

Overview of SRVCTL for Administering Real Application Clusters
Guidelines for Using SRVCTL in Real Application Clusters
Obtaining Command Line Help for SRVCTL
SRVCTL Command Syntax and Options
SRVCTL Cluster Database Configuration Tasks
SRVCTL General Cluster Database Administration Tasks
SRVCTL Node-Level Tasks
SRVCTL Command Reference
SRVCTL Commands
SRVCTL Commands Summary
SRVCTL Objects Summary
srvctl add
srvctl add database
srvctl add instance
srvctl add service
srvctl add nodeapps
srvctl add asm
srvctl config
srvctl config database
srvctl config service
srvctl config nodeapps
srvctl config asm
srvctl enable
srvctl enable database
srvctl enable instance
srvctl enable service
srvctl enable asm
srvctl disable
srvctl disable database
srvctl disable instance
srvctl disable service
srvctl disable asm
srvctl start
srvctl start database
srvctl start instance
srvctl start service
srvctl start nodeapps
srvctl start asm
srvctl stop
srvctl stop database
srvctl stop instance
srvctl stop service
srvctl stop nodeapps
srvctl stop asm
srvctl modify
srvctl modify database
srvctl modify instance
srvctl modify service
srvctl modify nodeapps
srvctl relocate
srvctl relocate service
srvctl status
srvctl status database
srvctl status instance
srvctl status service
srvctl status nodeapps
srvctl status asm
srvctl getenv
srvctl getenv database
srvctl getenv instance
srvctl getenv service
srvctl getenv nodeapps
srvctl setenv and unsetenv
srvctl setenv database
srvctl setenv instance
srvctl setenv service
srvctl setenv nodeapps
srvctl unsetenv database
srvctl unsetenv instance
srvctl unsetenv service
srvctl unsetenv nodeapps
srvctl remove
srvctl remove database
srvctl remove instance
srvctl remove service
srvctl remove nodeapps
srvctl remove asm

C Oracle Real Application Clusters Tools Messages

Overview of Real Application Clusters-Specific Messages
Prefixes and Message Codes for RAC-Specific Messages
Types of Real Application Clusters Messages and Related Files
PRKA—Cluster Node Applications Messages
PRKC—Cluster Command Messages
PRKD — Global Services Daemon Messages
PRKE — Global Services Daemon Controller Utility Messages
PRKH—Server Manager (SRVM) Messages
PRKN— Server Manager (SRVM) System Library Messages
PRKO—Server Control (SRVCTL) Utility Messages
PRKP—Cluster Database Management Messages
PRKR—Cluster Registry Messages
PRKS—Automatic Storage Management Messages
PRKU—Command Line Parser Utility Messages
PRKV — Virtual IP Configuration Assistant Messages

Index